@article {1921, title = {The Ethanolic Extract of Rhinachantus nasutus (L.) Kurz Flower has Antioxidant, Anti-Gout, and Antibacterial Potential}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {867-872}, type = {Research Article }, chapter = {867}, abstract = {

The goal of this research was to explore the potential of Rhinachantus nasutus (L.) Kurz (RnLK) flower extract as an antioxidant utilizing the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method; the possibility that it might be used as a treatment for gout by employing the 2,4,6-tribromo-3-hydroxybenzoic acid (TBHBA) technique, as well as the possibility that it could be used as an antibacterial agent against E. coli and B. subtilis. Results: The IC50 value for the extract{\textquoteright}s ability to serve as an antioxidant is 8.62{\textpm}0.006 mg/L, indicating that it is quite effective. In addition, the extract of ethanol possesses highly potent anti-gout properties, being capable of bringing about a 81.95{\textpm}0.1\% reduction in uric acid levels. In spite of this, the antibacterial properties of E. coli as well as B. subtilis bacteria were not particularly robust. Conclusion: The RnLK flower has the potential to produce alternative chemicals with the ability to reduce blood uric acid levels, but according to the results of the test, the antibacterial activity has little impact on E. coli and B. subtilis.

}, keywords = {Antibacterial, FRAP, RnLK, TBHBA}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.181}, author = {Candra Irawan and Berna Elya and Muhammad Hanafi and Fadlina Chany Saputri} } @article {1707, title = {Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Fractions Stem Bark of Kayu Sarampa (Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M. Roen))}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {December 2021}, pages = {1694-1701}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1694}, abstract = {

Introduction: Methanol extract of X. moluccensis was found to be significantly effective in scavenging DPPH method. Therefore, this research is a follow-up research study from Budiarso et al (2020).. The methanol extract was then fractionated and tested for antioxidant activity. Objective: To assess antioxidants activity of methanolic fractions from stem bark of Kayu Sarampa. Method: The Stem bark was extracted with Reflux method using hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as solvent. The methanolic extract was fractionated using a chromatographic column were subjected to the antioxidant activity assay by the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Results: F3 Fractions IC50 of X. moluccensis exhibits the highest DPPH scavenging activity compared with F2, F3, ascorbic acis as control positif, F5, and F4, wich are 4.64, 6.79, 9.69, 10.49, and 227.44 respectively and Ferric reducing power from methanolic fraction of X. moluccensis stembark F3 exhibits higher antioxidant power compared to F2, F1, F5, ascorbic acid and F4, respectively which are 667.8 μmol/gr, 607.8 μmol/gr, and 573.8 340.48 and 309.8 μmol/gr, respectively

}, keywords = {Antioxidant., DPPH, FRAP, Kayu Sarampa}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.218}, author = {Fitri Santy Budiarso and Berna Elya and Muhammad Hanafi and Andy Howard Limengan and Ratika Rahmasari} } @article {1101, title = {The Antioxidant Activity of Sterculia stipulata Korth Woods and Leaves by FRAP Method}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {March 2020}, pages = {236-239}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {236}, abstract = {

Background: Phenol compounds and flavonoids are known have antioxidant activity. Sterculia genus has secondary metabolite rich of phenols and flavonoids. Objective: The aim of this study of the activity antioxidants of Sterculia stipulata Korth. Woods and leaves by FRAP method. Materials and methods: Extraction done using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The methanol extract was determined antioxidant activity using the FRAP method and also determined the total phenols content, total flavonoids, and phytochemical screening. Results: The antioxidant activity of wood extract was 4.74 {\textpm} 1.03 FeEAC (mol/g) while leaves extract 41.17 {\textpm} 1.99 FeEAC (mol/g). Total phenols content for wood extract 16.46 {\textpm} 3.51 mg GAE/g, for leaves extract 141.62 {\textpm} 10.54 mg GAE/g. The total flavonoids content for woods extract was 27.99 {\textpm} 0.62 mg QE/g for leaf extract 41.45 {\textpm} 5.83 mg QE/g. The compounds of woods and leaves are the same; it is consist of terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and negatives for anthraquinone. Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of the leaves of Sterculia stipulata Korth. is greater than its wood activities.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Flavonoids, FRAP, Phenols, Sterculia stipulata Korth}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.36}, author = {Rini Prastiwi and Berna Elya and Muhammad Hanafi and Yesi Desmiaty and Rani Sauriasari} } @article {1154, title = {Characteristics of Turbinaria conoides and Padina Minor As Raw Materials For Healthy Seaweed Salt}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {May 2020}, pages = {624-629 }, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {624}, abstract = {

Background: Seaweed is one of the abundant biological resources in Indonesia and contains secondary metabolites. This study was aimed to determine the characteristics and antioxidant activity of brown seaweed salts that fits the standard hence it can be applied as a functional salt preparation for hypertensive patients. Objective: The study consisted of identification of raw materials, yield analysis, the levels of Na and K, heavy metals, NaCl and antioxidant activities using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and the Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) methods. Materials and Methods: The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with different types of seaweed as a parameter (Turbinaria conoides and Padina minor), temperature (400C and 550C), and time (10 and 30 minutes) with 3 replications. Results: The results demonstrated the interaction between different types of seaweed, temperature and heating time had a significant effect on the level of 5\% (P \< 0.05) on yield, the ratio of Na:K and functional salt NaCl. A functional salt FRAP antioxidant activity of T. conoides ranged from 39.12 to 55.31 μM trolox/g and CUPRAC ranged from 98.50 to 113.95 μM trolox/g, while the functional salt from P. minor has FRAP antioxidant activity ranging from 18.19 to 24.67 {\textmu}M trolox/g and CUPRAC 40.05-53.05 {\textmu}M trolox/g. Conclusion: Seaweed T. conoides and P. minor can be used as raw materials for functional salt preparations for hypertensive patients.

}, keywords = {CUPRAC, DPPH, FRAP, Functional salt, Hypertension}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.93 }, author = {Nurjanah and Asadatun Abdullah and Seftylia Diachanty} } @article {761, title = {Antioxidant Potential and Ionomic Analysis of Two Buckwheat Species from Kashmir Region}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {November 2018}, pages = {s83-s88}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {s83}, abstract = {

Background: Buckwheat in the past had been the staple food for many regions in the Himalaya\’s and its utilization has declined with time. In recent times buckwheat gained a lot of attention as it has been placed in the list of underutilized crops by FAO. There is a strong sentiment and realization for buckwheat revival because of its nutraceutrical properties due to which it provides the consumers with extra choice for his food basket. In this context the present investigation aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential and mineral element analysis of two buckwheat species grown in Kashmir region. Methods: To achieve this goal, antioxidant potential of two buckwheat species was done by using standard protocols. For ionomic analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was done to unravel the macro-and micro-nutrient composition. Result: Aqueous extract of Fagopyrum tataricum exhibits higher TPC (159.51\±10.3 mg gallic acid equivalent g-1 DW) and TFC (79.49\±9.76 mg rutin equivalent g-1 DW). The F. tataricum samples exhibit high radical scavenging activity (RSa50=26.67\μg ml-1) as compared to F. kashmirianum (RSa50=34.15\μg ml-1). Elemental analysis revealed that calcium (Ca) was found high in F. tataricum (5125\±56.76ppm) while as the iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were found in high concentration in F. kashmirianum (1122.5\±25.77ppm) and (122.75\±12.34ppm) respectively. Conclusion: These findings suggested that buckwheat extract possess excellent antioxidant property and is rich source of minerals indispensable for human health. Thus, buckwheat could be a promising alternative in functional food sector for improving the social well-being and diminishing malnutrition especially for the impoverished community.

}, keywords = {Aas, Antioxidants, Aqueous extract, Buckwheat, DPPH, FRAP}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.6s.16}, author = {Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah and Bisma Malik and Inayatullah Tahir and Reiaz Ul Rehman} } @article {473, title = {Phytochemical Composition and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Calendula suffruticosa subsp. suffruticosa Vahl}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {December 2017}, pages = {64-70}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {64}, abstract = {

Aim: Calendula suffruticosa ssp. suffruticosa Vahl, Medicinal and Aromatic plant, spontaneous and widespread in the Mediterranean region and in the Northeast of Algeria, is widely used by the local population for its medicinal properties. Methods: The chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of Calendula suffruticosa was established for the first time using GC / MS. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract was evaluated in vitro by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test, the FRAP assay and \β-carotene bleaching assay. Results: sixty-four compounds are identified by GC/MS analysis, six are predominant: \α-linoleic acid (24.20\%), linoleic acid (23.58\%), Stigmasterol (8.53\%), 2-Metyl-Z-4-tetradecene (6.62\%) And \α-Bisabolol (1.70\%). The free radical scavenging by DPPH method indicated that the ethanolic extract of C. suffruticosa showed a very high antioxydant activity with an IC50 = 0.017 \± 1.00 mg / ml. This extract also showed an ability to reduce very high iron with a maximum optical density of 1.157 at a concentration of 0.5 mg / ml and an antioxidant activity compared to the \β-carotene / linoleic acid test of order of 75 \± 1.02\%. Conclusion: These results show for the first time the richness of phytochemicals and the strong antioxidant activity of the species Calendula suffruticosa endemic to north-east of Algeria.

}, keywords = {antioxidant activity, Calendula suffruticosa, DPPH, FRAP, GC / MS, Phytochemical composition}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.1.13}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/368}, author = {Sofiane Ismahene and Seridi Ratiba and Cortes Martinez Diego Miguel and Cabedo Nuria} } @article {484, title = {Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Propolis Ethanolic Extract from Tetragonula Bee}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {December 2017}, pages = {128-135}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {128}, abstract = {

Objective: This research aimed to determine the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant properties in vitro of three types propolis collected from the region of South Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. Methods: Samples from three types of propolis: smooth, rough and mix were extracted with 96\% ethanol. The propolis ethanolic extracts (PEE) was dried and studied their antioxidant properties by using FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and DPPH radical scavenging assays. Total phenolic compounds were quantified by Folin-Ciocalteu, and total flavonoid contents were also quantitatively determined by the AlCl3 colorimetric method with a microplate reader. The chemical compounds were identified by an ultraperformance liquid chromatography TOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-TOF-MS) using the MS mode. Results: The sequence of potential antioxidant activity of PEE is smooth propolis \> mix propolis \> rough propolis. Which showed by EC50 value with DPPH assays are 25.54; 31.66; and 69.96 \μg/mL, respectively and also showed by EC50 value with FRAP assays consecutively were 26.41; 32.10; and 34.62 \μg/mL.Smooth propolis has the lowest EC50 value of all the types of propolis examined, contains total flavonoid content 791.06+13.06 mg QE/g extract and total phenolics content 426.91+61.08 mg GAE.g-1 extract. Chemical component identified by UPLC-TOF-MS using the MSE mode were (-)-Sesamin C20H18O6; Curcumin C21H20O6; 8-epi- Helenalin C15H18O4; and Kushenol F C25H28O6. Conclusion: Smooth propolis which taken from inside the nest was the most potent antioxidant among of all the types of examined propolis. The antioxidant activity was influenced by the phenolic content of Propolis.

}, keywords = {DPPH, FRAP, Microplate method, TFC, TPC, UPLC-TOF-MS}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.1.23}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/409}, author = {Diah Kartika Pratami and Abdul Mun{\textquoteright}im and Andini Sundowo and Muhamad Sahlan} } @article {263, title = {Antioxidant Activity and Lipoxygenase Enzyme Inhibition Assay with Total Flavonoid Content from Garcinia hombroniana Pierre Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {267-272}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {267}, abstract = {

Objective: Garcinia hombroniana Pierre leaves extract have been known to contain flavonoid, but it has not been known yet for its antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity. This study aims to determine antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity of G. hombroniana leaves extract. Method: Antioxidant activity tested by using FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity using baicalein as the positive control. Total flavonoid assay is also quantitatively done by AlCl3 colorimetric method on the most active extract using quercetin as the positive control. Results: The test result showed that the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of G. hombroniana Pierre leaves have antioxidant activity which showed by EC50 value consecutively are 36.260; 2.969; and 7.416 \μg/mL, and also can inhibit lipoxygenase activity which showed by IC50 value consecutively are 2.052; 0.134; and 1.314 \μg/mL. Ethyl acetate extract of G. hombroniana Pierre leaves has the most active antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity. Total flavonoid content of ethyl acetate extract of G. hombroniana Pierre leaves is 42.004 mg QE/g sample. Conclusion: Garcinia hombroniana Pierre leaves extract has antioxidant activity and can inhibit lipoxygenase activity.

}, keywords = {Antiinflammation, Antioxidant, Flavonoid, FRAP, Garcinia hombroniana Pierre, Lipoxygenase}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.2.45}, url = {http://phcogj.com/fulltext/312}, author = {Shinta Marlin and Berna Elya and Katrin} } @article {262, title = {Antioxidant Activity and Lipoxygenase Enzyme Inhibition Assay with Total Flavonoid Assay of Garcinia porrecta Laness. Stem Bark Extracts}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {257-266}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {257}, abstract = {

Introduction: The genus Garcinia which is rich of secondary metabolites, mainly flavonoids, have known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of lipoxygenase. There isn\’t found literature indicating research on inhibition of lipoxygenase activity been done in this plant. The purpose of this study is to obtain the data and determine the potential antioxidant activity, and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity of Garcinia porrecta Laness. stem bark extracts. Methods: This research is included FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method antioxidant assay, in vitro lipoxygenase inhibition assay, flavonoids qualitative analysis by thin layer chromatography, and total flavonoids assay in the most active extract. Results: The results showed the methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of G. porrecta Laness. stem bark using FRAP method, has antioxidant activity with EC50 values respectively 1.33; 4.97; and 19.96 g/mL and lipoxygenase inhibition activity with IC50 values 0.23; 0.52; and 4.87 g/mL. The most active extract in the both assay is methanol extract which has total flavonoids of 5.66 mg QE/g (quercetin equivalent). Conclusion: The results from the study show extracts of the stem bark of G. porrecta Laness. has antioxidant activity and potential for lipoxygenase inhibition.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Flavonoid, FRAP, Garcinia porrecta Laness, Lipoxygenase}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.2.44}, url = {http://phcogj.com/fulltext/311}, author = {Amalia Cipta Sari and Berna Elya and Katrin} } @article {266, title = {Antioxidant Activity and Lipoxygenase Inhibition Test with Total Flavonoid Content from Garcinia kydia Roxburgh Leaves Extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {280-284}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {280}, abstract = {

Introduction: Antioxidant is one of the therapeutic strategies to overcome oxidative stress and inhibit synthesis of inflammatory mediators through lipoxygenase pathway. Garcinia is the largest of Clusiaceae family which has been proven to provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Garcinia kydia Roxburgh is one of the plants of this genus which is known to have antioxidant activity but lipoxygenase inhibition activity from this plant was unknown. Methods: This study aimed to test antioxidant activity of the methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract from Garcinia kydia Roxburgh leaves by FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method, anti-inflammatory activity was tested by inhibiting lipoxygenase and total flavonoid content by colorimetric methods AlCl3. Results: The results showed an antioxidant activity of methanol extract, ethyl acetate and n-hexane leaves of Garcinia kydia Roxburgh have EC50 value, respectively 18,448; 12,389 and 31,260 \μg/mL, and the lipoxygenase inhibition activity have IC50 value, respectively 0,556; 0,212 and 3,575 \μg/mL. Ethyl acetate extract of Garcinia kydia Roxburgh leaves was the most active extract in this study which has total flavonoid content, 30,650 mgQE/ gram extract. Conclusion: The conclusion, Garcinia kydia Roxburgh has antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition activity, with ethyl acetate extract as the most active extract which contains total flavonoids.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Flavonoid content, FRAP, Garcinia kydia Roxburgh, Lipoxygenase}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.2.48}, url = {http://phcogj.com/fulltext/315}, author = {Nur Laily Putri and Berna Elya and Nuraini Puspitasari} } @article {39, title = {Antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl peel, pulp and aerial parts in relation to their total phenol and flavonoid content}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {01/2015}, pages = {64-73}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {64}, abstract = {

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid content of different parts (peel, pulp and aerial parts) of Lagenaria siceraria. Method: Successive extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of different polarity viz. petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, water. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu\’s reagent method and flavonoid was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant assays evaluated were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, 2, 2\’-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power. Results: L. siceraria peel possessed maximum phenol and flavonoid content in acetone and toluene extracts respectively. FRAP was maximum in acetone extract of peel. The peel extract demonstrated stronger DPPH activity with IC50 value of 111 \μg/ml followed by pulp extract. The same extract was effective in scavenging ABTS radical with an IC50 value of 39 \μg/ml while other parts were ineffective. Conclusion: This work demonstrated good antioxidant activity of L. siceraria vegetable cultivated in India and recommends that the peel of this vegetable may be of interest from a functional point of view as a major source of natural antioxidant.

}, keywords = {ABTS, antioxidant activity, DPPH, FRAP, Lagenaria siceraria, total phenol.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2015.7.8}, author = {Sumitra Chanda and Pooja Moteriya and Hemali Padaliya and Tejas Rathod and Yogesh Baravalia} } @article {1457, title = {Antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl peel, pulp and aerial parts in relation to their total phenol and flavonoid content}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {27th Nov, 2014}, pages = {64-73}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {64}, abstract = {

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid content of different parts (peel, pulp and aerial parts) of Lagenaria siceraria. Method: Successive extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of different polarity viz. petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, water. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu\’s reagent method and flavonoid was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant assays evaluated were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, 2, 2\’-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power. Results: L. siceraria peel possessed maximum phenol and flavonoid content in acetone and toluene extracts respectively. FRAP was maximum in acetone extract of peel. The peel extract demonstrated stronger DPPH activity with IC50 value of 111 \μg/ml followed by pulp extract. The same extract was effective in scavenging ABTS radical with an IC50 value of 39 \μg/ml while other parts were ineffective. Conclusion: This work demonstrated good antioxidant activity of L. siceraria vegetable cultivated in India and recommends that the peel of this vegetable may be of interest from a functional point of view as a major source of natural antioxidant.

Key words:Lagenaria siceraria, antioxidant activity, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, total phenol.

}, keywords = {ABTS, antioxidant activity, DPPH, FRAP, Lagenaria siceraria, total phenol.}, author = {Sumitra Chanda and Pooja Moteriya and Hemali Padaliya and Tejas Rathod and Yogesh Baravalia} } @article {63, title = {Iron Reducing and Radical Scavenging Activities of 13 Medicinal Plants From C{\^o}te d{\textquoteright}Ivoire}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {01/2015}, pages = {266-270}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {266}, abstract = {

Objective: Oxidative stress has been involved in the development of varied human diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the iron reducing power and the antiradical activity of 13 plants traditionally used as medicinal plants in C\ôte d\’Ivoire. Materials and Methods: FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) and ABTS (2,2\’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid)) assays were used to assess the antioxidant property of 80\% methanol extracts prepared from the 13 plants. Results: A high iron reducing activity was exhibited by extracts from leaves of Leea guineensis (42.76 \± 28.54 mg of TE/gdry extract) and Bersama abyssinica (39.77 \± 31.29 mg of TE/g dry extract). Smeathmannia pubescens (\% ABTS = 92.44 \± 12.93\%), L. guineensis (\%ABTS = 89.73 \± 15.10\%), Keetia venosa (\% ABTS = 88.78 \± 17.36 \%) and Sapium ellipticum (\%ABTS = 85.86 \± 25.10\%), showed promising antiradical activity with IC50 values of 4.50, 5.00, 5.40 and 5.70 \μg/mL respectively. These values are (p \< 0.05) close to those of Trolox (CI50 = 4.10 \μg/mL) and ascorbic acid (CI50 = 4.90 \μg/mL). Conclusion: Our findings confirm the traditional use of the studied plants in treatment of various ailments. The results obtained provide promising baseline information for using these medicinal plants for improving the health status of the population.

}, keywords = {ABTS, Antioxidants, C{\^o}te d{\textquoteright}Ivoire, FRAP, Iron., Medicinal plants}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2015.5.2}, author = {Ehouman Evans and Kon{\'e} Mamidou Witabouna and Tra Bi F{\'e}zan Honora and Bakayoko Adama} }